最近关于共享单车的利弊之争有愈演愈烈之势，今天应届毕业生网小编就来给大家分享一篇2017共享单车的利与弊论文，希望大家喜欢。
With the variety of vehicles, the sharing of bicycles has become more and more affecting people's lives, so how do you think about the advantages and disadvantages of sharing bicycles?
The emergence and practical significance of bicycles
Sharing a bicycle is a classic example of how the sharing economy permeates the lives of ordinary people in the context of the mobile Internet era and supply-side reform. In the area of travel, the idea of a bike sharing start-up, the innovation of its model has led to the craze of cycling in society. Fast expansion, large flexibility, high efficiency, low barriers to entry are Shared economic model, the characteristics of sharing the impact of the economic model, the bike is not just sharing, more is for idle cycling operation efficiency improvement.
The concept of public bike rentals originated in Europe, where the first generation of public bicycle systems first appeared in the Netherlands in 1965. Because China's history and status are different from that of Europe, the public bike system started late. In 2007, the intelligent operation management, really has the certain practical value of public bicycle systems began to enter China, it is the operation mode of public bike rental and dominated by the government, city of unified management. In August 2007, Beijing was the first to launch public bicycles. In 2010, yongan company established and took on the project of zhejiang taizhou, suzhou and Shanghai songjiang public bicycle system. The 2014 OFO Shared bike was founded, and the concept of bicycle sharing was put forward, and OFO's presence provides the campus with a convenient economy, a green and low carbon, and a more efficient sharing bike service. Soon, a Shared bike for the public began to emerge -- in 2015, there was a "orange storm" in the city's cycling industry. As of now, OFO bikes and mobike have the largest share of the Shared bike brands in the market.
Sharing bikes is popular with the common people as a high degree of freedom, low carbon, convenient transportation and inexpensive transportation. In addition, because of the better economic prospects of sharing bicycles, brands are optimistic about the future development of bicycles, and they are willing to continue to increase the number of bicycles in various cities. Not only that, but sharing a bike as a new investment projects also triggered rounds of huge investment boom, as of December 2016, all OFO: and moab has been completed C round of financing, financing cost of hundreds of millions of dollars.
Shared cycling has been prevalent in society, investigate its reason is that the model is to solve the traditional bicycle manufacturer overcapacity, and promote the low carbon travel way of life to the public, kill two birds with one stone, the industry benefits. In addition, due to the concept of energy conservation and environmental protection, the need for some people to travel short distances is to be solved. Therefore, the sharing of bicycles is a positive and positive thing, whether it is the construction of ecological civilization or the development of the industry or the social and public transportation.
Second, the economics of sharing bicycles
Fast expansion, large flexibility, high efficiency, low barriers to entry are Shared the characteristics of the economic model, in 2016, "worship the bike, OFO: bicycle, such as the innovative travel project, because of conforms to the characteristics of Shared economy, an bicycle travel hot, also improve the operation efficiency of idle cycle.
OFO: bicycle based on intelligent mobile APP and hardware development, is currently China's largest campus traffic walking solution, for the majority of teachers and students in colleges and universities provides a convenient and economic, green low carbon campus Shared cycling services, higher efficiency. At the same time, we will help colleges and universities recycle old bicycles and solve the "zombie car" problem.
Mo worship is the research focus on reducing operating costs, according to the technology, because I hope to build a four-year undergraduate degree of smart bike, mo worship go a self-design, production bike route. Weighing 25 kg of body, do not adjust the seat, no vehicle navigation, these are all for the sake of "maintenance free" unique design, increased flexibility and autonomy, mo worship cycling increases competition threshold.
For sharing bikes, it has the following business features:
User experience: low cost, freedom and sharing
The sharing of bicycles solves the problem of people traveling for 1 to 3 kilometers, costs about 1 yuan each time, and is fast and economical compared to walking or taxi. Not only that, the phone APP to register using efficient and time saving, through software can quickly find a nearby can use bicycle, can effectively transfer the stock market, improve spare bicycle use efficiency, save more space for the city, promote the green environmental protection low carbon travel.
The reasons for the rise of bicycles are related to regional selection. Whether OFO or mobai, the current focus is on the north, upper, broad and deep. Because these cities are large, the population is large, the market demand is strong, and the industry has a foundation.
Of course, with the scale enlargement of Shared cycling, also brought some problems to traffic management, such as liability insurance and dispute, put some set up problems, bicycle road construction can meet the demand. Even if these problems occur, it will not prevent the sharing economy and the sharing of bicycles.
Platform enterprises: competition in the industry is fierce
Looking from the external environment, the state vigorously advocated the concept of green environmental protection, health, travel, and the emergence of Shared cycling and the country's concept of "ecological civilization" construction, easy access to the national support. Not only that, China's urban population is much and density, the emergence of Shared cycling greatly satisfy the users from the metro station to the destination of the "last one kilometer" demand, especially in large urban population, urban white-collar workers the user group. As China's urbanization process accelerates, the number of urban white-collar workers will increase greatly, so it is clear that the growing demand of users will make the sharing of bicycles more promising.
However, there is fierce competition within the industry due to the low barriers to entry of the Shared bicycle industry. By the end of 2016, worship, OFO: thanks, little blue, joeyz, riding bai and so on more than 10 sharing bike rental platform flood the market, and various bicycle market positioning convergence at present, competition degree. From sharing a bike brands, therefore, to be successful operating share the bike, it is important to scientific design, produce bicycles, build a Shared information platform, control the operating and maintenance costs, obtain the unique competitive advantage, to stand out from it.
3. The supply and demand: the price negotiation ability according to the analysis of porter five model analysis, electric bicycle as a substitute for Shared cycling does not have Shared cycling "free sharing" characteristic, the Shared bike less affected. In addition, the two cycles of bicycle makers have a weak bargaining power because of the oversupply, which is also helping to reduce the cost of cars for companies that share bicycles. The ability to bargain for the passive recipient of a bicycle is not enough, which makes sharing a more stable profit without fluctuating as rents rise and fall.
But, because the barriers to entry pose a threat to new entrants, the Shared bike model is easily copied. But the threat of new entrants can also reversed transmission Shared bike rental platform for enterprises to provide more quality services, strengthening its management, and promote the research and development innovation, instead is advantageous to the manufacturer's production design and user experience.
Bicycle assets: accounting confirmation and depreciation policy
Is a Shared bicycle a fixed asset or a low cost for a platform business? Due to Shared cycling is give priority to in order to rent a bike in the service industry, advocate business wu income from bicycle, bicycle generally useful life of more than 1 year, and is related to the production and operation of equipment, so the bike should identify Shared cycling for the business enterprise fixed assets.
Since the bicycle itself has a low and lossy feature, its utility is decreasing year by year, but the maintenance costs are increasing year by year. Therefore, the depreciation expense of the bicycle should be decreasing, namely, the depreciation of the earlier period, the depreciation of the latter, the accelerated depreciation method. This will allow companies to recover their investments as soon as possible, accelerate fixed asset updates, improve productivity and quality, and thus improve their competitive capabilities within the industry.
How is revenue confirmed and managed
From the current charging standard for sharing bikes, mobil is renting for half an hour and two generations of mobike for half an hour. The OFO Shared bike is 0.5 yuan an hour for teachers and students, and 1 yuan for non-teachers and students. According to the principle of accrual basis of accrual basis, the revenue of the revenue should be confirmed. But the question of how to determine the income that has been achieved is a problem because of its revenue. According to the principle of accrual basis, the income of the current period should be recorded in the ledger, whether or not it received the money. Anyone who does not belong to the current income, even if received payment, also cannot be recorded on the books of the current income increase, according to the ownership division belongs to the stage, is not recognized as income in other payables and advance payments, due to revenues. But the deposit should not be a platform company's income even if it increases the current income, since it may be returned to the user at any time. In this view, with the emergence of innovative business, the accounting verification policy also needs to keep pace with The Times and make adjustments in time to prevent surplus management.
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